Selective JAK inhibitors (abrocitinib / ritlecitinib)
Pfizer (repurposed agents)
What it is
A TrialNet phase-2 study testing two newer oral JAK-pathway drugs - abrocitinib and ritlecitinib - in recent-onset stage-3 T1D. This is distinct from baricitinib: different JAK selectivity, NIH/TrialNet sponsor, and no published T1D efficacy result yet. Recruitment is closed. The September registry update moves estimated primary completion to 30 October 2026 and final completion to 30 October 2027.
Editorial review: .
Most recent recorded citation date: 2026-05-29. Only explicit date metadata is included; an undated citation may be newer. This does not mean every claim was reviewed on that date.
Trial status, labels and access can change between reviews. How we review the evidence · How to read the evidence
Evidence behind this assessment
Key evidence notes. Study results, product eligibility and access answer different questions.
- Who was studied?
- Study populations and analysis groups vary. Product age limits alone do not describe who was studied.See the linked studies and their populations →
- Benefit or performance
- Delay of onset: No published T1D efficacy result yet; JAKPOT tests C-peptide preservation at new-onset, not presymptomatic onset delay.[1]
- Important harms and treatment burden
- Safety: Oral delivery is attractive, but JAK-class safety warnings matter strongly for long-term use in young T1D populations.[2]
- Approval and country access
- Country-specific approval and access are not summarized in this record.Approval, trial recruitment, local supply and funding are separate. Check the cited label or access source.
- Follow-up and remaining uncertainty
- Durability: Durability unknown until the active trial reports treatment and follow-up outcomes.[1]
Research status alone does not establish approval, clinical benefit or local availability.
Editorial score: calculation and evidence
A weighted editorial judgment on a 0–100 scale, not a probability of success or a measured treatment effect. Higher criterion scores mean more favorable assessments.
Default calculation: 25 × 30 + 20 × 20 + 40 × 20 + 25 × 15 + 15 × 15 = 2550; divide by total weight 100. Unrounded weighted result: 25.5.
No published T1D efficacy result yet; JAKPOT tests C-peptide preservation at new-onset, not presymptomatic onset delay.[1]
Oral delivery is attractive, but JAK-class safety warnings matter strongly for long-term use in young T1D populations.[2]
Both agents are approved for other immune conditions, but T1D use remains investigational.[1]
Editor’s take
Baricitinib made oral JAK inhibition credible in T1D; JAKPOT asks whether more selective JAK-pathway drugs can preserve C-peptide with a better risk-benefit profile. It is promising enough to track, but still pre-result.
The full picture
Why this is separate from baricitinib
Baricitinib is already covered because BANDIT published a positive new-onset phase-2 result. JAKPOT is a separate TrialNet test of abrocitinib and ritlecitinib, two different oral JAK-pathway drugs, in the same broad idea: preserve residual beta-cell function after diagnosis.1
No T1D efficacy result is published yet. Recruitment is closed and the 2 September 2026 registry update moves estimated primary completion to 30 October 2026 and final completion to 30 October 2027. No results were posted as of 16 September 2026. This is pipeline coverage, not a positive-result record.
Coming soon
ETA · Phase 2 active but closed to recruitment; estimated primary completion 30 October 2026 and final completion 30 October 2027. No results posted.
- →JAKPOT T1D phase-2 results · Primary completion estimated October 2026; final completion October 2027
Sources
- [1]Janus Kinase (JAK) Inhibitors to Preserve C-Peptide Production in New Onset Type 1 Diabetes · Trial registry · 2026-05-29 — TrialNet / NIDDK phase 2; active not recruiting; estimated n=78; ages 12-35; abrocitinib vs ritlecitinib vs placebo. Estimated primary completion is now 30 October 2026 and final completion 30 October 2027 (update posted 2 September 2026). No results posted as of 16 September.
National Library of Medicine. JAK inhibitors to preserve C-peptide production in new-onset T1D. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05743244.
- [2]CIBINQO (abrocitinib) prescribing information · Regulatory decision · 2022-01-14 — FDA label for atopic dermatitis; no T1D indication.